02056nas a2200265 4500008004100000022001300041245015000054210006900204260001600273520114000289653002001429653002801449653002001477653001501497653002801512653002501540100002301565700002201588700002201610700002701632700002301659700002101682700002101703856006601724 2016 eng d a1055790300aSpecies delimitation and phylogenetic relationships in a genus of African weakly-electric fishes (Osteoglossiformes, Mormyridae, Campylomormyrus)0 aSpecies delimitation and phylogenetic relationships in a genus o cJan-04-20163 a

African weakly-electric fishes (Mormyridae) are able to communicate through species-specific electric signals; this feature might have favoured the evolutionary radiation observed in this family (over 200 species) by acting as an effective pre-zygotic isolation mechanism. In the present study we used mitochondrial (cytb) and nuclear (rps7, scn4aa) markers in order to reconstruct a species-phylogeny and identify species boundaries for the genus Campylomormyrus, by applying inference methods based on the multispecies coalescent model. Additionally, we employed 16 microsatellite markers, landmark-based morphometric measurements, and electro-physiological analyses as independent lines of evidence to the results obtained from the sequence data. The results show that groups that are morphologically different are also significantly divergent at the genetic level, whereas morphologically similar groups, displaying dissimilar electric signals, do not show enough genetic diversity to be considered separate species. Furthermore, the data confirm the presence of a yet undescribed species within the genus Campylomormyrus.

10aCampylomormyrus10aGeometric morphometrics10aMicrosatellites10aMormyridae10aMultispecies-coalescent10aSpecies-delimitation1 aLamanna, Francesco1 aKirschbaum, Frank1 aErnst, Anja, R.R.1 aFeulner, Philine, G.D.1 aMamonekene, Victor1 aPaul, Christiane1 aTiedemann, Ralph uhttp://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S105579031630078102081nas a2200217 4500008004100000022001400041245012600055210006900181260001600250300001400266490000800280520136500288100002101653700002301674700002001697700002701717700002101744700002101765700002201786856005501808 2015 eng d a0340-759400aComparative histology of the adult electric organ among four species of the genus Campylomormyrus (Teleostei: Mormyridae)0 aComparative histology of the adult electric organ among four spe cJan-04-2015 a357 - 3740 v2013 a

The electric organ (EO) of weakly electric mormyrids consists of flat, disk-shaped electrocytes with distinct anterior and posterior faces. There are multiple species-characteristic patterns in the geometry of the electrocytes and their innervation. To further correlate electric organ discharge (EOD) with EO anatomy, we examined four species of the mormyrid genus Campylomormyrus possessing clearly distinct EODs. In C. compressirostris, C. numenius, and C. tshokwe, all of which display biphasic EODs, the posterior face of the electrocytes forms evaginations merging to a stalk system receiving the innervation. In C. tamandua that emits a triphasic EOD, the small stalks of the electrocyte penetrate the electrocyte anteriorly before merging on the anterior side to receive the innervation. Additional differences in electrocyte anatomy among the former three species with the same EO geometry could be associated with further characteristics of their EODs. Furthermore, in C. numenius, ontogenetic changes in EO anatomy correlate with profound changes in the EOD. In the juvenile the anterior face of the electrocyte is smooth, whereas in the adult it exhibits pronounced surface foldings. This anatomical difference, together with disparities in the degree of stalk furcation, probably contributes to the about 12 times longer EOD in the adult.

1 aPaul, Christiane1 aMamonekene, Victor1 aVater, Marianne1 aFeulner, Philine, G.D.1 aEngelmann, Jacob1 aTiedemann, Ralph1 aKirschbaum, Frank uhttp://link.springer.com/10.1007/s00359-015-0995-601681nas a2200169 4500008004100000245017400041210006900215300001200284490000700296520105000303100002701353700002201380700002301402700001701425700002101442856004801463 2006 eng d00aElectrophysiological and molecular genetic evidence for sympatrically occuring cryptic species in African weakly electric fishes (Teleostei: Mormyridae: Campylomormyrus)0 aElectrophysiological and molecular genetic evidence for sympatri a198-2080 v393 a

For two sympatric species of African weakly electric Wsh, Campylomormyrus tamandua and Campylomormyrus numenius, we moni- tored ontogenetic diVerentiation in electric organ discharge (EOD) and established a molecular phylogeny, based on 2222 bp from cyto- chrome b, the S7 ribosomal protein gene, and four Xanking regions of unlinked microsatellite loci. In C. tamandua, there is one common EOD type, regardless of age and sex, whereas in C. numenius we were able to identify three diVerent male adult EOD waveform types, which emerged from a single common EOD observed in juveniles. Two of these EOD types formed well supported clades in our phyloge- netic analysis. In an independent line of evidence, we were able to aYrm the classiWcation into three groups by microsatellite data. The correct assignment and the high pairwise FST values support our hypothesis that these groups are reproductively isolated. We propose that in C. numenius there are cryptic species, hidden behind similar and, at least as juveniles, identical morphs.

1 aFeulner, Philine, G.D.1 aKirschbaum, Frank1 aMamonekene, Victor1 aKetmaier, V.1 aTiedemann, Ralph uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/fr/node/3901554nas a2200193 4500008004100000022001400041245014500055210006900200260001200269300001400281490000700295520090000302100002701202700002201229700002301251700001701274700002101291856004801312 2007 eng d a1420-910100aAdaptive radiation in African weakly electric fish (Teleostei: Mormyridae: Campylomormyrus): a combined molecular and morphological approach0 aAdaptive radiation in African weakly electric fish Teleostei Mor c01/2007 a403 - 4140 v203 a

We combined multiple molecular markers and geometric morphometrics to revise the current taxonomy and to build a phylogenetic hypothesis for the African weakly electric fish genus Campylomormyrus. Genetic data (2039 bp DNA sequence of mitochondrial cytochrome b and nuclear S7 genes) on 106 specimens support the existence of at least six species occurring in sympatry. We were able to further confirm these species by microsatellite analysis at 16 unlinked nuclear loci and landmark-based morphometrics. We assigned them to nominal taxa by comparisons to type specimens of all Campylomormyrus species recognized so far. Additionally, we showed that the shape of the elongated trunk-like snout is the major source of morphological differentiation among them. This finding suggests that the radiation of this speciose genus might have been driven by adaptation to different food sources.

1 aFeulner, Philine, G.D.1 aKirschbaum, Frank1 aMamonekene, Victor1 aKetmaier, V.1 aTiedemann, Ralph uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/fr/node/34