03384nas a2200349 4500008004100000022001400041245018800055210006900243260002300312300001200335490000900347520225000356653003002606653001902636653001902655653001902674653001702693653001302710653001402723653002402737100002302761700002202784700001702806700001902823700002002842700002402862700003202886700002502918700002102943700002302964856004702987 2022 eng d a1313-298900aMitogenome recovered from a 19th Century holotype by shotgun sequencing supplies a generic name for an orphaned clade of African weakly electric fishes (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae)0 aMitogenome recovered from a 19th Century holotype by shotgun seq bPensoft Publishers a163-1960 v11293 a

Heteromormyrus Steindachner, 1866, a genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei: Osteoglossomorpha), has been monotypic since the description of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus (Steindacher, 1866) from a single specimen. No type locality other than “Angola” was given and almost no specimens have been subsequently identified to this species. In order to investigate the relationship of this taxon to fresh specimens collected in Angola and elsewhere, whole genome paired-end sequencing of DNA extracted from the holotype specimen of Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus was performed and a nearly complete mitogenome assembled from the sequences obtained. Comparison of cytochrome oxidase I and cytochrome b sequences from this mitogenome to sequences from recently collected material reveal that Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus is closely related to specimens identified as Hippopotamyrus ansorgii (Boulenger, 1905), Hippopotamyrus szaboi Kramer, van der Bank & Wink, 2004, Hippopotamyrus longilateralis Kramer & Swartz, 2010, as well as to several undescribed forms from subequatorial Africa collectively referred to in the literature as the “Hippopotamyrus ansorgii species complex” and colloquially known as “slender stonebashers.” Previous molecular phylogenetic work has shown that these species are not close relatives of Hippopotamyrus castor Pappenheim, 1906, the type species of genus Hippopotamyrus Pappenheim, 1906 from Cameroon, and are thus misclassified. Hippopotamyrus ansorgii species complex taxa and another species shown to have been misclassified, Paramormyrops tavernei (Poll, 1972), are placed in genus Heteromormyrus and one genetic lineage from the Kwanza and Lucala rivers of Angola are identified as conspecific Heteromormyrus pauciradiatus. Three additional new combinations and a synonymy in Mormyridae are introduced. The morphological characteristics and geographical distribution of the genus Heteromormyrus are reviewed. The electric organ discharges (EODs) of Heteromormyrus species are to be treated in a separate study.

10aAngolan freshwater fishes10aHeteromormyrus10aHippopotamyrus10ahistorical DNA10amitogenomics10amormyrid10amuseomics10aslender stonebasher1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aHopkins, Carl, D.1 aPirro, Stacy1 aPeterson, Rose1 aChakona, Albert1 aMutizwa, Tadiwa, I.1 aMukweze Mulelenu, Christian1 aAlqahtani, Fahad, H.1 aVreven, Emmanuel1 aDillman, Casey, B. uhttps://doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1129.9028702512nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001500041245013600056210006900192260001600261490000900277520182700286100001502113700002302128700002102151856018202172 2019 eng d a0936-9902 00aMarcusenius wamuinii (Teleostei: Mormyridae), a new elephantfish from the Mangroves National Park, Democratic Republic of the Congo0 aMarcusenius wamuinii Teleostei Mormyridae a new elephantfish fro c15 May 20190 v10903 a

Marcusenius wamuinii, a new large-scaled Marcusenius species, is described from the Mangroves National Park (MNP), a protected area situated at the mouth of the Lower Congo basin and its surroundings in the DR Congo. It can be distinguished from all its congeners based on the following unique combination of characteristics: 8 circumpeduncular scales, 27-31 anal-fin rays, 22-25 dorsal-fin rays, 19-22 scales between dorsal and anal fin, 46-53 lateral line scales, and a slender caudal peduncle (depth 4.4-5.9 % SL). Its status as a distinct species is ad- ditionally confirmed by genetic data from the mitochondrial cytochrome b gene. This is the first new fish species discovered in the MNP, highlighting the importance of freshwater conservation in this area in which the fish fauna is still poorly known.
Marcusenius wamuinii, une nouvelle espèce de Marcusenius à grandes écailles est décrite du Parc Marin des Mangroves (PMM), une zone protégée située dans l’embouchure du Bas Congo et ses environs en RD Congo. Elle se distingue de tous ses congénères sur la base de la combinaison unique des caractères suivants : 8 écailles circumpédonculaires, 27-31 rayons à la nageoire anale, 22-25 rayons à la nageoire dorsale, 19-22 écailles entre les nageoires dorsale et anale, 46-53 écailles en ligne latérale et un pédoncule caudal mince (hauteur 4.4-5.9 % SL). Son statut d’espèce distincte est également confirmé à base de résultats génétiques sur le gène mitochondrial cytochrome b. Ceci est la première nouvelle espèce de poisson découverte dans le PMM, soulignant l’importance de la conservation des eaux douces dans cette Zone, dont la faune de poissons est encore largement méconnue.

1 aDecru, Eva1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aVreven, Emmanuel uhttps://www.researchgate.net/publication/333293882_Marcusenius_wamuinii_Teleostei_Mormyridae_a_new_elephantfish_from_the_Mangroves_National_Park_Democratic_Republic_of_the_Congo02342nas a2200145 4500008004100000022001400041245022900055210006900284260001600353520167800369100001902047700002302066700002202089856008502111 2017 eng d a0024-408200aRediscovery and description of Paramormyrops sphekodes (Sauvage, 1879) and a new cryptic Paramormyrops (Mormyridae: Osteoglossiformes) from the Ogooué River of Gabon using morphometrics, DNA sequencing and electrophysiology0 aRediscovery and description of Paramormyrops sphekodes Sauvage 1 cMay-05-20173 a

Species of the African electric fish in the genus Paramormyrops Taverne, Thys van den Audenaerde & Heymer, 1977 constitute a recently recognized species flock with an impressive diversity of electric signals, but only modest morphological differentiation. For more than a century, confusion has surrounded the identity of Paramormyrops sphekodes (Sauvage, 1879), the earliest described species in this genus. Here we compare the morphometrics of type material to new specimens collected at the type locality on the Ogooué River of Gabon from which we additionally study DNA sequences and electric organ discharges (EODs). Based on our findings, we revise the diagnosis and description of P. sphekodes and also identify and describe a new species of Paramormyrops that is large, common and widespread in the Ogooué River basin, but cryptic and easily confounded with P. sphekodes. We designate as lectotype of P. sphekodes a specimen formerly regarded, in error, as the holotype and a second specimen originally collected with the lectotype as paralectotype. We conclude that only nine additional specimens can be identified with confidence as P. sphekodes: four from the type locality and five from a second site 45 km away. Instead of being widespread as previously thought, P. sphekodes may be restricted to a small region of the upper Ogooué River basin. Additionally, we present a revised diagnosis for the genus Paramormyrops Taverne et al., 1977, and key to species from Lower Guinea. This study illustrates the value of vouchered EOD recordings and of revisiting type localities, and lays a foundation for additional systematic work on this group.

1 aRich, Madeline1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://academic.oup.com/zoolinnean/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/zoolinnean/zlw00403858nas a2200277 4500008004100000022001400041245013400055210006900189260001600258300001400274490000800288520299800296653003003294653000803324653002903332653000803361653002503369653001503394653001403409653001103423653002503434100002303459700002403482700002203506856005203528 2016 eng d a1313-298900aCryptomyrus: a new genus of Mormyridae (Teleostei, Osteoglossomorpha) with two new species from Gabon, West-Central Africa0 aiCryptomyrusi a new genus of Mormyridae Teleostei Osteoglossomor cAug-02-2016 a117 - 1500 v5613 a

Abstract
We use mitochondrial and nuclear sequence data to show that three weakly electric mormyrid fish specimens collected at three widely separated localities in Gabon, Africa over a 13-year period represent an unrecognized lineage within the subfamily Mormyrinae and determine its phylogenetic position with respect to other taxa. We describe these three specimens as a new genus containing two new species. Cryptomyrus, new genus, is readily distinguished from all other mormyrid genera by a combination of features of squamation, morphometrics, and dental attributes. Cryptomyrus ogoouensis, new species, is differentiated from its single congener, Cryptomyrus ona, new species, by the possession of an anal-fin origin located well in advance of the dorsal fin, a narrow caudal peduncle and caudal-fin lobes nearly as long as the peduncle. In C. ona, the anal-fin origin is located only slightly in advance of the dorsal fin, the caudal peduncle is deep and the caudal-fin lobes considerably shorter than the peduncle. Continued discovery of new taxa within the “Lower Guinea Clade” of Mormyridae highlights the incompleteness of our knowledge of fish diversity in West-Central Africa. We present a revised key to the mormyrid genera of Lower Guinea.

Résumé
Nous avons démontré avec des marqueurs mitochondriaux et nucléaires que trois spécimens de poissons mormyridés faiblement électriques, collectés à trois localités au Gabon sur une période de 13 ans, forment une lignée inconnue au sein de la sous famille des Mormyrinae dont nous avons déterminé la position phylogénétique. Nous décrivons un nouveau genre et deux nouvelles espèces pour ces trois spécimens. Cryptomyrus, nouveau genre, se distingue des autres genres de mormyridés par une combinaison de caractères de l’écaillure, morphométriques, et dentaires. Cryptomyrus ogoouensis, nouvelle espèce, se distingue de sa seule espèce congénérique par sa nageoire anale qui commence nettement en avant de sa nageoire dorsale, son pédoncule caudal gracile et les lobes de sa nageoire caudale pratiquement aussi longs que son pédoncule caudal. Chez Cryptomyrus ona, nouvelle espèce, la nageoire anale commence légèrement en avant de l’origine de la nageoire dorsale, le pédoncule caudal est large, et les lobes de la nageoire caudale sont plus courts que le pédoncule caudal. La découverte ininterrompue de nouveaux taxa dans le «clade de basse Guinée» des Mormyridae illustre notre connaissance incomplète de la diversité des poissons de l’ouest de l’Afrique centrale. Nous présentons une clé révisée des genres de Mormyridae de basse Guinée.

10aAfrican freshwater fishes10aDNA10aelectric organ discharge10aEOD10aintegrative taxonomy10aMormyrinae10aphylogeny10ararity10aweakly electric fish1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttp://zookeys.pensoft.net/articles.php?id=713700386nas a2200109 4500008004100000245002900041210002900070260008400099100002100183700002300204856004900227 2015 eng d00aFish detector schematics0 aFish detector schematics aIthaca, NYbHopkins Lab, Dept. of Neurobiology and Behavior, Cornell University1 aHeiligenberg, W.1 aSullivan, John, P. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/47200616nas a2200145 4500008004100000245017900041210006900220300001200289490000700301653001500308100002400323700002300347700002200370856007800392 2003 eng d00aPhylogenetic utility of the first two introns of the S7 ribosomal protein gene in African electric fishes (Mormyroidea: Teleostei) and congruence with other molecular markers0 aPhylogenetic utility of the first two introns of the S7 ribosoma a273-2920 v7810aMormyridae1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttp://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1095-8312.2003.00170.x00546nas a2200145 4500008004100000245013800041210006900179300001200248490000800260653001500268100002300283700002400306700002200330856004800352 2000 eng d00aMolecular systematics of the African electric fishes (Mormyroidea: Teleostei) and a model for the evolution of their electric organs.0 aMolecular systematics of the African electric fishes Mormyroidea a665-6830 v20310aMormyridae1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/5900558nas a2200145 4500008004100000245014000041210006900181300001200250490000700262100002300269700002400292700002600316700002200342856004800364 2004 eng d00aAFLPs resolve phylogeny and reveal mitochondrial introgression within a species flock of African electric fish (Mormyroidea: Teleostei)0 aAFLPs resolve phylogeny and reveal mitochondrial introgression w a825-8410 v581 aSullivan, John, P.1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aArnegard, Matthew, E.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/5000471nas a2200133 4500008004100000245010600041210006900147300000900216490000800225653001100233100002300244700002200267856004800289 2005 eng d00aA new Stomatorhinus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) from the Ivindo River, Gabon, West Central Africa0 anew Stomatorhinus Osteoglossomorpha Mormyridae from the Ivindo R a1-230 v84710aIvindo1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/4600507nas a2200193 4500008004100000020002200041245001900063210001800082260000800100300001400108490000600122100002200128700002400150700002300174700002800197700001800225700002200243856004800265 2007 eng d a978-2-7099-1621-900a12. Mormyridae0 a12 Mormyridae bIRD a220–3340 v11 aHopkins, Carl, D.1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aStiassny, Melanie, L.J.1 aTeugels, G.G.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/3503507nas a2200349 4500008004100000020001400041245015000055210006900205260000800274300001400282490000700296520244700303653002302750653000902773653001802782653002902800653003602829653001802865653001202883653002202895653001602917653001402933653002502947653002702972653001502999653001403014100002403028700002303052700002603075700002203101856003403123 2008 eng d a1010-061X00aDifferentiation of morphology, genetics and electric signals in a region of sympatry between sister species of African electric fish (Mormyridae)0 aDifferentiation of morphology genetics and electric signals in a cJul a1030-10450 v213 a

Mormyrid fishes produce and sense weak electric organ discharges (EODs) for object detection and communication, and they have been increasingly recognized as useful model organisms for studying signal evolution and speciation. EOD waveform variation can provide important clues to sympatric species boundaries between otherwise similar or morphologically cryptic forms. Endemic to the watersheds of Gabon (Central Africa), Ivindomyrus marchei and Ivindomyrus opdenboschi are morphologically similar to one another. Using morphometric, electrophysiological and molecular characters [cytochrome b sequences and amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) genotypes], we investigated to what extent these nominal mormyrid species have diverged into biological species. Our sampling covered the known distribution of each species with a focus on the Ivindo River, where the two taxa co-occur. An overall pattern of congruence among datasets suggests that I. opdenboschi and I. marchei are mostly distinct. Electric signal analysis showed that EODs of I. opdenboschi tend to have a smaller initial head-positive peak than those of I. marchei, and they often possess a small third waveform peak that is typically absent in EODs of I. marchei. Analysis of sympatric I. opdenboschi and I. marchei populations revealed slight, but significant, genetic partitioning between populations based on AFLP data (F-ST approximate to 0.04). Taken separately, however, none of the characters we evaluated allowed us to discriminate two completely distinct or monophyletic groups. Lack of robust separation on the basis of any single character set may be a consequence of incomplete lineage sorting due to recent ancestry and/or introgressive hybridization. Incongruence between genetic datasets in one individual, which exhibited a mitochondrial haplotype characteristic of I. marchei but nevertheless fell within a genetic cluster of I. opdenboschi based on AFLP genotypes, suggests that a low level of recent hybridization may also be contributing to patterns of character variation in sympatry. Nevertheless, despite less than perfect separability based on any one dataset and inconclusive evidence for complete reproductive isolation between them in the Ivindo River, we find sufficient evidence to support the existence of two distinctive species, I. opdenboschi and I. marchei, even if not ’biological species’ in the Mayrian sense.

10aadaptive radiation10aaflp10aelectric fish10aelectric organ discharge10agnathonemus-petersii mormyridae10aintrogression10amarkers10amitochondrial-DNA10amormyroidea10aphylogeny10apopulation-structure10areproductive isolation10aspeciation10ateleostei1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aArnegard, Matthew, E.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. u://00025668710001000616nas a2200145 4500008004100000245020900041210006900250260001200319300000900331490000900340100002400349700002300373700002600396856004800422 2010 eng d00aAfrican weakly electric fishes of the genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha: Mormyridae) of Odzala National Park, Republic of Congo (Lékoli River, Congo River basin) with description of five new species0 aAfrican weakly electric fishes of the genus Petrocephalus Osteog c09/2010 a1-520 v26001 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aArnegard, Matthew, E. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/2503423nas a2200373 4500008004100000020001400041245016600055210006900221260001200290300001200302490000800314520221100322653002302533653002602556653002702582653002902609653002802638653001602666653003602682653002402718653001802742653002302760653002702783653002802810653002202838653001902860653002602879653001502905100002402920700002602944700002302970700002202993856003403015 2008 eng d a0928-425700aPetrocephalus of Odzala offer insights into evolutionary patterns of signal diversification in the Mormyridae, a family of weakly electrogenic fishes from Africa0 aPetrocephalus of Odzala offer insights into evolutionary pattern cJul-Nov a322-3390 v1023 a

Electric signals of mormyrid fishes have recently been described from several regions of Africa. Members of the Mormyridae produce weak electric organ discharges (EODs) as part of a specialized electrosensory Communication and orientation system. Sympatric species often express distinctive EODs, which may contribute to species recognition during mate choice in some lineages. Striking examples of interspecific EOD variation within assemblages have been reported for two monophyletic radiations: the Paramormyrops of Gabon and the Campylomormyrus of Lower Congo. Here, we describe a speciose assemblage of Petrocephalus in the Lekoli River system of Odzala National Park, Republic of Congo. This widespread genus comprises the Subfamily (Petrocephalinae) that is the Sister group to all other mormyrids (Mormyrinae). Eleven Petrocephalus species were collected in Odzala, five of which are not described taxonomically. We quantify EOD variation within this assemblage and show that all eleven species produce EOD waveforms of brief duration (species means range from 144 to 663 mu s) compared to many other mormyrids. We also present reconstructed phylogenetic relationships among species based on cytochrome b sequences. Discovery of the Odzala assemblage greatly increases the number of Petrocephalus species for which EODs and DNA sequence data are available, permitting a first qualitative comparison between mormyrid Subfamilies of the divergence patterns that have been described within lineages. We find that the Petrocephalus assemblage in Odzala is not a monophyletic radiation. Genetic divergence among Petrocephalus species often appears higher than among Paramormyrops or Campylomormyrus species. In contrast, results of this study and others Suggest that Petrocephalus may generally exhibit less interspecific EOD divergence, as well as smaller sex differences in EOD waveforms, compared to Paramormyrops and Campylomormyrus. We discuss possible causes and consequences of EOD diversification patterns observed within mormyrid subfamilies as a framework for future comparative studies of signal evolution using this emerging model system. (c) 2008 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

10aadaptive radiation10acommunication signals10aelectric organ anatomy10aelectric organ discharge10aelectrosensory modality10afood-habits10agnathonemus-petersii mormyridae10amolecular evolution10apetrocephalus10apollimyrus-isidori10ariverine species flock10asexual signal evolution10asexual-dimorphism10aspecies marker10atype npp electrocytes10awave-forms1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aArnegard, Matthew, E.1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. u://00026362510001900749nas a2200229 4500008004100000022001400041245009800055210006900153260001200222300001400234490000800248100002600256700002400282700002100306700002500327700002800352700002200380700002300402700002400425700002200449856004800471 2010 eng d a1537-532300aSexual Signal Evolution Outpaces Ecological Divergence during Electric Fish Species Radiation0 aSexual Signal Evolution Outpaces Ecological Divergence during El c09/2010 a335 - 3560 v1761 aArnegard, Matthew, E.1 aMcIntyre, Peter, B.1 aHarmon, Luke, J.1 aZelditch, Miriam, L.1 aCrampton, William, G.R.1 aDavis, Justin, K.1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/2602756nas a2200193 4500008004100000245011900041210006900160260001200229300001100241490000600252520212000258100002402378700001702402700002602419700002302445700002202468700002102490856005102511 2012 eng d00aComparable Ages for the Independent Origins of Electrogenesis in African and South American Weakly Electric Fishes0 aComparable Ages for the Independent Origins of Electrogenesis in c05/2012 ae362870 v73 a

One of the most remarkable examples of convergent evolution among vertebrates is illustrated by the independent origins of an active electric sense in South American and African weakly electric fishes, the Gymnotiformes and Mormyroidea, respectively. These groups independently evolved similar complex systems for object localization and communication via the generation and reception of weak electric fields. While good estimates of divergence times are critical to understanding the temporal context for the evolution and diversification of these two groups, their respective ages have been difficult to estimate due to the absence of an informative fossil record, use of strict molecular clock models in previous studies, and/or incomplete taxonomic sampling. Here, we examine the timing of the origins of the Gymnotiformes and the Mormyroidea using complete mitogenome sequences and a parametric Bayesian method for divergence time reconstruction. Under two different fossil-based calibration methods, we estimated similar ages for the independent origins of the Mormyroidea and Gymnotiformes. Our absolute estimates for the origins of these groups either slightly postdate, or just predate, the final separation of Africa and South America by continental drift. The most recent common ancestor of the Mormyroidea and Gymnotiformes was found to be a non-electrogenic basal teleost living more than 85 millions years earlier. For both electric fish lineages, we also estimated similar intervals (16–19 or 22–26 million years, depending on calibration method) between the appearance of electroreception and the origin of myogenic electric organs, providing rough upper estimates for the time periods during which these complex electric organs evolved de novo from skeletal muscle precursors. The fact that the Gymnotiformes and Mormyroidea are of similar age enhances the comparative value of the weakly electric fish system for investigating pathways to evolutionary novelty, as well as the influences of key innovations in communication on the process of species radiation.

1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aMiya, Masaki1 aArnegard, Matthew, E.1 aSullivan, John, P.1 aHopkins, Carl, D.1 aNishida, Mutsumi uhttp://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.003628704346nas a2200157 4500008004100000022001400041245015600055210006900211260001200280300001200292490000800304520378200312100002404094700002304118856004704141 2014 eng d a1313-298900aPetrocephalus boboto and Petrocephalus arnegardi, two new species of African electric fish (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae) from the Congo River basin0 aPetrocephalus boboto and Petrocephalus arnegardi two new species c04/2014 a43 - 650 v4003 a

Abstract A specimen of the African weakly electric fish genus Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae) collected in the Congo River at Yangambi, Orientale Province, Democratic Republic of Congo, is described as a new species. Petrocephalus boboto sp. n. can be distinguished from other Central African species of Petrocephalus by a combination of the following characteristics: three distinct black spots on the body, one at the origin of the pectoral fin, one at the origin of the caudal fin and one below the anterior base of the dorsal fin; Nakenrosette and Khelrosette electroreceptor clusters distinct on head but Augenrosette cluster reduced in size; 23 branched dorsal rays, 34 branched anal rays, and electric organ discharge waveform triphasic. Petrocephalus boboto sp. n. most closely resembles the holotype of Petrocephalus binotatus but is easily distinguished from it by its smaller mouth. A comparative molecular analysis including 21 other Petrocephalus species shows Petrocephalus boboto sp. n. to be genetically distinctive and to represent a deep lineage in the genus. Two specimens of Petrocephalus collected at Yangambi are morphologically similar and genetically closely related to specimens previously assigned to Petrocephalus binotatus, collected in the northwestern Congo River basin within Odzala-Kokua National Park, Republic of the Congo. This prompts us to formally describe a new species from these collections, Petrocephalus arnegardi sp. n., that, although similar to the holotype of Petrocephalus binotatus, can be distinguished from it by its smaller mouth and shorter interorbital width. Résumé Un spécimen de poissons africains à faible décharge électrique du genre Petrocephalus (Osteoglossomorpha, Mormyridae) collecté dans le fleuve Congo à Yangambi, Province Orientale, République Démocratique du Congo, est décrit comme une nouvelle espèce. Petrocephalus boboto sp. n. peut-être distinguée des autres espèces de Petrocephalus d’Afrique Centrale par la présence de trois distinctes taches noires, l’une à la base des nageoires pectorales, la seconde à la base de la nageoire caudale et la troisième sur chacun des flancs, juste en dessous des premiers rayons de la nageoire dorsale; présence bien visible de deux rosettes électroréceptives sur la tête (Nakenrosette et Khelrosette), la troisième rosette (Augenrosette) est de taille réduite; 23 rayons branchus à la nageoire dorsale et 34 rayons à la nageoire anale; et décharge électrique triphasique. Petrocephalus boboto sp. n. ressemble le plus à l’holotype de Petrocephalus binotatus mais s’en distingue par une bouche nettement plus petite. Une analyse génétique confirme la distinction de Petrocephalus boboto sp. n. parmi un échantillon de 21 espèces. Cette analyse montre également que cette nouvelle espèce représente une lignée distincte de Petrocephalus. Deux autres spécimens de Petrocephalus collectés à Yangambi sont morphologiquement et génétiquement proches de spécimens auparavant identifiés comme appartenant à Petrocephalus binotatus, collectés dans le Parc National d’Odzala-Kokua, bassin du Congo, République du Congo. Ceci nous amène à les décrire comme une nouvelle espèce, Petrocephalus arnegardi sp. n. qui peut-être distinguée de l’holotype de Petrocephalus binotatus par une bouche plus petite et un espace inter-orbitaire plus court.

1 aLavoué, Sébastien1 aSullivan, John, P. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/7