02236nas a2200157 4500008004100000245011400041210006900155260001600224300001400240490000800254520161500262100002001877700002001897700002301917856013801940 1997 eng d00aSound Production and Reproductive Ecology of Strongly Acoustic Fish in Africa: Pollimyrus isidori, Mormyridae0 aSound Production and Reproductive Ecology of Strongly Acoustic F cJan-01-1997 a677 - 7250 v1343 a

We have studied the reproductive ecology and bioacoustic signals of weakly electric mormyrid fish in Africa in order to discover the natural conditions under which acoustic signals are used and to gain insight into the evolution of their acoustic behaviour and hearing. Pollimyrus isidori migrated from a tributary of the Niger River (Mali) into a shallow (2- 3 m) flood plain during the onset of the flooding seasons (August, 1991 and 1994). The fish were fully primed for reproduction upon entering the plain, females were significantly larger than males, and the sex ratio was skewed toward males (about 2 males per female). Males established territories (d ≈ 1 m) within the roots of floating rafts of grasses, about 0.5 m below the water surface. Males produced conspicuous acoustic displays consisting of Grunts and Moans during the night (130 dB peak re 1 μLPaat approximately 10 cm). These sounds had a fundamental of 340 Hz, but the band-width of the grunt extended to over 3 kHz. Experiments at the field site with captive animals showed that male sound production was stimulated by the presence of conspecific females. The P. isidori repertoire included 3 additional sounds. Analysis of environmental noise showed that these communication sounds fall within a distinct spectral window, thereby minimizing potential interference from other aquatic animals and abiotic noise sources. Waveform analyses showed that the sounds remained coherent over short distances (0.5 m) but lost amplitude more rapidly than would be predicted in a deep water free-field.

1 aBenech, Vincent1 aJacob, Philippe1 aCrawford, John, D. uhttps://brill.com/view/journals/beh/134/9-10/article-p677_3.xmlhttps://data.brill.com/files/journals/1568539x_134_09-10_s003_text.pdf00448nas a2200121 4500008004100000245010700041210006900148300001200217490000700229100002000236700002200256856004800278 1997 eng d00aMolecular insights into the phylogeny of mormyriform fishes and the evolution of their electric organs0 aMolecular insights into the phylogeny of mormyriform fishes and  a324-3510 v491 aAlves-Gomes, J.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/6501670nas a2200157 4500008004100000245014900041210006900190260001200259300001400271490000700285520111800292100001401410700001801424700002201442856004801464 1997 eng d00aA systematic revision of the large-scaled Marcusenius with description of a new species from Cameroon (Teleostei; Osteoglossomorpha; Mormyridae)0 asystematic revision of the largescaled Marcusenius with descript c10/1997 a1645-16820 v313 a

Nine out of 37 recognized species in the genus Marcusenius have eight large circumpeduncular scales rather than 12 or 16, which is more typical of the genus. They are: M. dundoensis, M. fuscus, M. ghesquierei, M. intermedius, M. kutuensis, M. lambouri, M. moorii, M. paucisquamatus and M. schilthuisiae. All nine are restricted to West-Central and Central Africa. A detailed morphometric analysis could not distinguish differences between M. moorii, M. paucisquamatus and M. lambouri. Therefore they are considered as synonyms with M. morrii as the senior synonym. The systematic status of M. intermedius is uncertain owing to the existence of only three specimens. Within this species complex a new species, Marcusenius sanagaensis, is described from the Sanaga River basin in Cameroon. It differs from all the others in the number of scales on the lateral line and in the extent of the broad dark band between the anterior base of the dorsal fin and the anterior base of the anal fin. All valid Marcusenius species with eight circumpeduncular scales are redescribed and a key to these species is given.

1 aBoden, G.1 aTeugels, G.G.1 aHopkins, Carl, D. uhttps://mormyrids.myspecies.info/en/node/64